| AWK | Text processing and data extraction, common on Unix-like systems. |
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| sed | Unix utility that parses and transforms text, using a compact programming language developed by Lee E. McMahon. |
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| Shen | Multi-paradigm language blending functional and logic programming for symbolic computation. |
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| TXL | Language for creating and manipulating programming languages with pattern-matching. |
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| XPath | Expression language for querying and transforming XML documents. |
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| XProc | XML transformation language for processing documents in pipelines. |
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| XQuery | W3C language for querying and transforming XML data using XPath. |
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| XSLT | Declarative language for transforming XML documents. |
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