| APL | A concise programming language focused on multi-dimensional arrays, using unique symbols to represent functions, influencing modeling and functional programming. |
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| ASP.NET | Server-side web-application framework by Microsoft for building dynamic websites and services using the .NET runtime. |
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| Bun | A fast JavaScript runtime with a built-in bundler and npm-compatible package manager. |
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| Ciao | Modern Prolog implementation focused on portability, extensibility, and modularity. |
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| Erlang | Concurrent functional language for scalable real-time systems. |
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| F# | Functional-first language on the .NET platform, known for its strong typing and multi-paradigm capabilities. |
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| HotSpot VM | Java virtual machine known for its just-in-time compilation and adaptive optimization techniques. |
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| Java | High-level language known for its portability and extensive ecosystem. |
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| Node.js | A JavaScript runtime for server-side execution. |
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| PHP | Scripting language primarily used for web development. |
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| Scala | Statically typed language supporting both object-oriented and functional programming, known for addressing Java's criticisms and supporting concurrent, distributed systems. |
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| Slog | A programming language for parallel logic programming with first-class facts handling. |
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| Swift | Developed by Apple for its platforms, with a focus on safety and performance. |
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| V8 | V8 is a high-performance JavaScript engine used in Chrome and Node.js. |
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